Climate Trends
Data source: The University of East Anglia's Climatic Research Unit (CRU) and the UK's National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS) have created the CRU-TS and CRU-CY datasets from monthly average observations for the period 1901 to present. Time-series are provided for monthly averages of daily mean, minimum, and maximum temperature, diurnal temperature range, precipitation, and vapour pressure (a measure of humidity), as well as the percentage of each territory's area that was subject to moderate, severe, or extreme drought.
Global climate trends
At +1.41°C (range +1.32 to +1.49°C) above preindustrial (1850 to 1900), 2025 was the third warmest year on record, behind 2024 and 2023 which were influenced by natural warming in the Pacific Ocean, known as the El Niño Southern Oscillation. Global observations (HadCRUT5) indicate warming is continuing in line with projections made by climate scientists.
Country climate trends
Clicking on individual countries reveals an increasing long-term annual or seasonal temperature trend, with fine-scale interannual variability. Long-term increases in annual and seasonal vapour pressure (relative humidity) are also observed in many countries. For precipitation, some countries show long-term annual or seasonal increases, e.g. Sweden, USA, while others do not, e.g. Brazil, South Africa, Myanmar. For drought (scPDSI), increasing trends are observed for some countries, e.g. Italy, Brazil, Morocco, yet there are countries without an increasing trend, e.g. Canada, Norway, New Zealand.
How to explore the data
From the variable drop down menu, select the climate variable of interest (average daily minimum/mean/maximum temperature; diurnal temperature range; precipitation; drought; or vapour pressure - an indicator for relative humidity). By clicking on the map or from the country drop-down menu, select the country or territory of interest. You can also pan or zoom the map.
You can choose to display a combination of Annual or Seasonal series (DJF = December to February; MAM = March to May; JJA = June to August; SON = September to November) by clicking the map buttons (click again to de-select). Within the time-series window, the duration (x-axis) can be shortened by dragging the blue dots for respective start/end date. There are buttons to reset, download the data for each layer, save the map image, or click for more information.
Recommended attribution
Data from CRU-TS via the UEA Climate Data Dashboard, or CRU-TS/UEA-CDD.