Warming Contributions
Country contributions to global warming
Countries that have made the largest historic contribution to global warming include the United States, China, the EU (27 countries), Russia, Brazil, India, Indonesia, Germany, the United Kingdom, and Canada. Collectively, these countries account for 69% of historic warming.
All countries continue to contribute to global warming, and will continue to do so until they reach net zero CO₂ emissions. However, since 1990, some countries have reduced methane emissions from fossil fuel use and land use change, resulting in small cooling contributions from the related processes, which has offset their much larger warming contributions from CO₂.
Data source: the Global Carbon Budget. UEA researchers have determined how countries have each contributed to global warming through their historical emissions of carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O), from their use of fossil fuels and land.
The map shows the historic contribution of each country as a percentage of average global warming since pre-industrial (taken as 1851), 1990, 2005, or 2020. The map can display contributions from fossil fuel emissions and land use change separately. Below, the table shows the relative contribution of fossil fuels and land use change, for each country.
Emissions in many countries are dominated by their use of fossil fuels. Among the largest emitters since 1990, emissions from land-use change dominated in Brazil, Indonesia, and the Republic of Congo. As the table shows, emissions from land use exceed emissions from fossil fuels in many developing countries.
The next update is planned for autumn 2026.
How to explore the data
To pin countries to the top of the table, click them in the table or type in the selection box. Click them again to un-pin or click the reset button (top right). The table shows each country's contribution to warming, as well as the contribution sourced from fossil fuel emissions or land use change.
There are buttons to reset the display, save the an image, or to click for more information and to access original data or publication. There is also a button to animate the time period of the table. Column widths can be modified within the table.
Recommended attribution
Data from Global Carbon Budget via the UEA Climate Data Dashboard, or GCB/UEA-CDD.
Feedback
During beta testing of this recently launched website we welcome your sharing of views via this short online survey.
)
)